Device for administering volatile liquid anesthetics



June 30, 1936. 1 1 BENNER 2,046,300 y DEVICE FOR ADMINISTERING VOLATILELIQUID ANESTHETICS Filed Jan. 17, 1935 ATTORNEYS Patented June 30, 1936UNITED STATES www PATENT oFFicE 4 DEVICE FOR ADMINISTERING VOLATILELIQUID ANESTHETICS .James J. Benner, Maple Heights, hio, assignor to TheGebauer Chemical Company. Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of OhioApplication January 17, 1935, Serial No. 2,242 '12 claims. (ci. las-iss)a. receptacle of this kind which is capable of use for general or localanesthesia. Where it is desired to use the receptacle for localanesthesia, it is adapted to deliver the liquid in the form of a sprayor in a jet stream; whereas, when it is desired to employ the receptaclefor general anesthesia, it is adapted to deliver the liquid drop by dropor in a jet stream. As is common in dispensing liquids having lowboiling points, the delivery of the anesthetic in any one of the threeforms mentioned is dependent upon the pressure of the vapor generatedfrom the liquid.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this characterwhich will be simple in construction, economical of production, safe inoperation, and not liable to get out of order.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of thischaracter which will render unauthorized re-iilling diiicult.

More limited objects are to provide for maintaining the parts in propersealing relation without sacrificing the extreme simplicity ofconstruction and to provide novel means for holding the parts inassembled relation.

Other and more specific objects will become apparent from the followingdescription when read in connection with the accompanying drawing inwhich Fig. 1 is an elevation of a dispensing receptacle embodying theinvention and Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing thedetails of construction modified to indicate a screw cap instead of thecrimped cap of Fig. 1.

'I'he numeral I0 indicates a receptacle of any suitable construction',which may be a prescription bottle having an upwardly extending neck,the inner surface of which preferably flares outwardly slightly asindicated at I I. Received in the upper end of the neck of the bottle I0is a stopper I2 which may be composed of cork or other suitablematerial. The stopper I2 is provided with a central bore I3 which, whenthe-stopper is made of yieldable material, such as cork, will have itsupper portion flared slightly outwardly by the correspondingly ilared oroutwardly tapered surface Ma of the dispensing nozzle I4. This nozzlehas at its inner end a capillary passage I5 prefer- -ably having adiameter of from .002 to .003 inch and being much shorter than thecylindrical delivery portion IS, which is several times the diameter ofthe inlet portion. The two passages extend entirely through the nozzleIl and provide a through psage for dispensing theiliquid. The bottle IIIis lled to the desired height with the liquid and the stoppercontainingthe nome I 4 is pressed into place, after which a suitablesealing substance i1, such as cement, is added to insure a perfect sealbetween the stopper ad the bottle and between the stopper and the nozzleI4. The sealing substance il is preferably flexible.

A cap indicated generally by the numeral Il is now placed on the bottle.outer cap member I8 and an inner cap member Ish, the said members havingtheir lower ends united, as shown at Is, the Yinner cap member beingprovided with an internal thread 2II adapted This cap comprises an l0 toengage the complementary external thread Il l5 on the bottle neck; orthe lower end of the cap may be crimped around the shoulder 2| on thebottle neck, as indicated at 22 in Fig. 1. The cap comprises also acentral boss 23, preferably ot metal, which may be secured to the outermember I 8 by the engagement of the overlapping portion Iiid of theouter member with a slot 2l formed near the base of the boss. The bosshas a downwardly extending annular projection 25 adapted to engage thestopper I2 thereby to hold the same in position with respect to thebottle neck. The boss extends upwardly from such projection tosubstantially the upper end of the nozzle and is provided with a bore 26which is slightly tapered or frusta-conical toward the delivery portionthereof to engage the correspondingly tapered or frusto-conical outersurface Il of the nozzle whereby the boss serves to protect the nozzleagainst injury as well as to hold it against ontward motion by thepressure of the vapor. The nozzle I4 is preferably composed of glass,which renders the protection afforded by the boss 23 particularlydesirable. The boss 23 has its upper extremity externally threaded asindicated at 2T and has a serrated outer surface below the threadedportion, as indicated at 28.

Received on the threaded portion 2'l is a f1tting 29 provided withsuitable internal threads and carrying a set screw 30 adapted to engagethe serrations to prevent rotation with respect to the boss 23 andconsequent separation therefrom. The tting 29 is provided withanoVerhanging portion 3l adapted to receive the set screw 30 and carriesa. pair of ears 32 between which is pivoted a lever 33 which is providedwith a thumb piece 34 and which carries a suitable nozzle sealingelement 35, preferably composed of rubber. A suitable spring 36constantly urges the element 35 into closing relation to the outerv endof the nomle Il. By depressing the thumb piece 34, the 'element 35 canbe moved entirely out of alignment with the passage I6 whereby to permitunobstructed spraying of liquid.

The nozzle Il shown herein is substantially identical with the nozzleshown in my application Serial No. l724,108, iiled May 5, 1934;

By holding the receptacle I in the hand, the liquid will be volatilizedand, by depressing the kwill be delivered as a spray upon an object inclose proximity to the delivery end of the nozzle as pointed out in myapplication aforesaid. However, itis desirable vto be able to use thesame receptacle for the purpose of dispensing the liquid drop by dropfor general anesthesia. For this purpose, I have provided the cap with amember ,adapted to be brought into and out lof register :with thedelivery end of the nozzle for the purpose\ofl impeding the ilow ofliquid and causing the same to be delivered drop by drop. 'I'hismembenis preferably in the form of an L-shaped ,light metal plate whichmay be conveniently pivotally mounted by the shorter leg 31 upon thescrew andthe longer leg 38 of this impedance member may then extendacross the delivery end of the nozzle in clos'e proximity theretowhereby the flow of the liquid is impeded and it is caused -to bedelivered drop by drop upon slight motion of the element 33 in openingdirection. I prefer to provide this impedance member with means forautomatically removing the same from the delivery end of the nozzle whennot inv use. For this purpose, a spring 39 is provided having one endconnected to the head-of the screw 30 and its opposite end connected tothe short leg of the member. When in use, the impedance member is held,in proper relation to the delivery end of the nozzle against the actionof the spring by the pad 35 (it being of light weight metal) which ispressed thereagain-st by the spring 36.

By substituting for the form of nozzle shown khereinone having acapillary passage extending ,entirely therethrough, my device may beused for supplying the anesthetic either in the form of a jet stream o rby using the impedance device for the production of drops. By depressingthe tthumb piece 3l, the pad will be disengaged from the leg 3B. Thespring 39 will thereupon move the member 31, 38 to its non-obstructingor nonimpeding position.

Having thus described my invention, what I l claim is:

1. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, saidreceptacle having a neck, a stopper for said neck having a boreextending therethrough, a nozzle received in said bore and extendingabove the top of said stopper, the portion of said nozzle receivedWithin said stopper having a surface tapering outwardly toward theupperend of said stopper, the portion of said nozzle extending above saidstopper being provided with an inwardly tapered surface, and a cap onthe neck of said bottle and provided with means for holding said stopperin place and having an extension provided with a bore having an inwardlytapered portion for guiding the nozzle and limitof said nozzle.

2, In combination with a receptacle for `a volatile liquid, saidreceptacle having' a neck, an elongated stopper in said neck, saidstopper being composed of a compressible material and having va. boretherethrough, a discharge nozzle tightly received in said bore andhaving a passage therethrough at least a portion of which isofcapilylary size, a cap on said neck and provided with means for holdingsaid stopper and said nozzle in place, and means carried by said caplfor closing said nozzle, said means being movable from nozzle-closingposition to a position out of alignment `with said nozzle.

3. Incombination with a receptacle fora volatile liquid, said receptaclehaving a neck, a stopper in said neck, said stopper being composed ofcompressible material and having a 'bore extending therethrough, adischarge nozzle tightly received in said bore and having a passagetherethrough at least a portion of which is' of capillary size, a capcarried by said receptacle and provided with means for holding saidstopper and said nozzle in place, and means carried by said cap forclosing said nozzle, said means being movable from nozzle-closingposition to a position out of alignmentwith said nozzle, said receptaclebeing provided with an abutment adjacent the top thereof and saidcaphaving a skirt por`- tion crimped around said abutment, whereby said capcannot be removed without being destroyed.

4. In combination with a receptacle, for a volatile liquid, having ai'llling opening, a, stopper therefor provided with a bore extendingtherethrough, a nozzle in said bore,-said nozzle being tapered from anintermediate portion toward each-end, one of said tapered portions beingreceived in said stopper whereby to resist downward movement withrespect to said stopper, a cap carried by said receptacle and providedwith an upwardly extending boss having a bore provided with a taperedportion corresponding to the upper tapered portion of said nozzle andadapted to receive the same and resist upward motion of said nozzle, afitting received on the said boss, and a movable nozzle-closing elementcarried by said fitting, said element being movable from nozzle-closingposition, to a` position out of alignmentwith the passage through saidnozzle.

5. In combination with a bottle or the like, for a volatile liquid,having a filling opening, a stopper composed of compressible materialand received in said opening, a nozzle extending through said stopperand having a capillary passage therein, sealing means sealing saidstopper to said bottle and to said nozzle, and removable means forclosing said capillary passage.

6. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, a nozzleconnected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, meansmovable into and out of engagement with the delivery end of said nozzlefor closing the passage, and means additional to the iirstmentionedmeans and movable into and out of register with the delivery end of saidpassage for the purpose of impeding the flow of liquid therethrough andcausing the sameto be delivered therefrom in drops.

7. In .combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, a nozzleconnected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, meansmovable into and out of engagement with the delivery end of said nozzlefor closing the passage, a pivotally mounted impeding member adapted tobe swung into and out of register with the delivery end of said passagethereby to nozzle, and an impeding device comprising an cause the liquidto be delivered therefrom indrops, and means for automatically movingthe impeding member out -ot register with the delivery end oi saidpassage.

8. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid. a nozzleconnected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, a bosssurrounding the delivery end of said nozzle. a tting mounted on saidboss, means carried by said iltting adapted to close the delivery end ofthe said passage and to be movedl out ot alignment with said passage,and animpeding member movably supported by said tting and having aportion thereof adapted to extend across the delivery end ot saidpassage, thereby to cause the liquid to be delivered therefrom in drops.

9. In combination with a receptacle for a volatile liquid, a nozzleconnected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, 'aboss surrounding the delivery end of said nozzle, a tting mounted onsaid boss, a lever pivoted to said boss and having a pad adapted to bebrought into and out o! engagement with the delivery end of said nozzle,a spring tending to hold said pad in engagement with the delivery end ofsaid L-shaped member, one of the legs of which device is adapted to bemoved into obstructing position with relation to the delivery end of thenozzle, means pivotally supporting the other leg of said member, and aspring cooperating with the last mentioned leg and tending to move themst-mentioned leg out of register with the delivery end oi said nozzle.

10. In combination with a receptacle i'or a volatile liquid, a nozzleconnected with said receptacle and having a passage therethrough, alever having a closure adapted to be brought into and out of engagementwith the delivery end of said nozzle, a spring tending to hold saidclosure in engagement with the delivery end oi' said nozzle, and animpeding device comprising a member having'angularly disposed legs oneof which is adapted to be moved into obstructing position with relationto the delivery end of the nomle, means pivotally supporting the otherleg of said member, and a spring cooperating with the last mentioned legand tending to move the mst-mentioned leg out oi' register with the deslivery end of saidV nozzle.

11. In combination with a glass dispensing nozzle having an openingtherethrough, at least a portion of which is of capillary size and whichis not substantially greater than capillary size at the discharge end,agbottle having a neck of an interior diameter large as compared to theexterior diameter of said nozzle, means having a portion positivelysecured to the outside of said bottle neck for supporting said nozzlewith re' 15 spect to said bottle and sealing s'aid bottle against escapeot uid except through said nozzle, said means including a sleevesurrounding a portion of said nozzle; holding the same against outward lmotion with respect to said bottle and capable 20 of so holding saidnozzle against a force at least three times. as great as that created bythe vapor pressure of ethyl chloride Iat body temperature on an areaequal to the maximum cross-sectional area of said nozzle, manuallyoperable means rotatably carried by said ilrst means for preventing theescape of iiuid from said bottle and movable to a position out of thepath of liquid discharging i'rom said nozzle to vpermit such escape, andmeans for holding said manually operable means in duid-escape preventingposition against a force' as great as that of the vapor pressure oi.'ethyl chloride at body temperature exerted on an area equal to the crosssection oi' said nozzle opening at the discharge end.

12. A device as dened in claim 11, wherein the said nozzle projectsbeyond adjacent portions of said sleeve and said manually operable meansincludes a closure element composed of deformable material adapted toengage the said 40'

